5. Pārāyanavaggo

5. The Chapter on the Way to the Far Shore ^[1]

Vatthugāthā

982.

Kosalānaṃ purā rammā, agamā dakkhiṇāpathaṃ;

Ākiñcaññaṃ patthayāno, brāhmaṇo mantapāragū.

983.

So assakassa visaye, aḷakassa [muḷakassa (syā.), mūḷhakassa (ka.), maḷakassa (niddesa)] samāsane;

Vasi godhāvarīkūle, uñchena ca phalena ca.

984.

Tasseva upanissāya, gāmo ca vipulo ahu;

Tato jātena āyena, mahāyaññamakappayi.

985.

Mahāyaññaṃ yajitvāna, puna pāvisi assamaṃ;

Tasmiṃ paṭipaviṭṭhamhi, añño āgañchi brāhmaṇo.

986.

Ugghaṭṭapādo tasito [tassito (ka.)], paṅkadanto rajassiro;

So ca naṃ upasaṅkamma, satāni pañca yācati.

987.

Tamenaṃ bāvarī disvā, āsanena nimantayi;

Sukhañca kusalaṃ pucchi, idaṃ vacanamabravi.

988.

‘‘Yaṃ kho mama deyyadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ visajjitaṃ mayā;

Anujānāhi me brahme, natthi pañcasatāni me’’.

989.

‘‘Sace me yācamānassa, bhavaṃ nānupadassati;

Sattame divase tuyhaṃ, muddhā phalatu sattadhā’’.

990.

Abhisaṅkharitvā kuhako, bheravaṃ so akittayi;

Tassa taṃ vacanaṃ sutvā, bāvarī dukkhito ahu.

991.

Ussussati anāhāro, sokasallasamappito;

Athopi evaṃ cittassa, jhāne na ramatī mano.

992.

Utrastaṃ dukkhitaṃ disvā, devatā atthakāminī;

Bāvariṃ upasaṅkamma, idaṃ vacanamabravi.

993.

‘‘Na so muddhaṃ pajānāti, kuhako so dhanatthiko;

Muddhani muddhapāte vā, ñāṇaṃ tassa na vijjati’’.

994.

‘‘Bhotī carahi jānāsi, taṃ me akkhāhi pucchitā;

Muddhaṃ muddhādhipātañca, taṃ suṇoma vaco tava’’.

995.

‘‘Ahampetaṃ na jānāmi, ñāṇamettha na vijjati;

Muddhani muddhādhipāte ca, jinānaṃ hettha [muddhaṃ muddhādhipāto ca, jinānaṃ heta (sī. syā. pī.)] dassanaṃ’’.

996.

‘‘Atha ko carahi jānāti, asmiṃ pathavimaṇḍale [puthavimaṇḍale (sī. pī.)];

Muddhaṃ muddhādhipātañca, taṃ me akkhāhi devate’’.

997.

‘‘Purā kapilavatthumhā, nikkhanto lokanāyako;

Apacco okkākarājassa, sakyaputto pabhaṅkaro.

998.

‘‘So hi brāhmaṇa sambuddho, sabbadhammāna pāragū;

Sabbābhiññābalappatto, sabbadhammesu cakkhumā;

Sabbakammakkhayaṃ patto, vimutto upadhikkhaye.

999.

‘‘Buddho so bhagavā loke, dhammaṃ deseti cakkhumā;

Taṃ tvaṃ gantvāna pucchassu, so te taṃ byākarissati’’.

1000.

Sambuddhoti vaco sutvā, udaggo bāvarī ahu;

Sokassa tanuko āsi, pītiñca vipulaṃ labhi.

1001.

So bāvarī attamano udaggo, taṃ devataṃ pucchati vedajāto;

‘‘Katamamhi gāme nigamamhi vā pana, katamamhi vā janapade lokanātho;

Yattha gantvāna passemu [gantvā namassemu (sī. syā. pī.)], sambuddhaṃ dvipaduttamaṃ’’ [dvipaduttamaṃ (sī. syā. pī.)],.

1002.

‘‘Sāvatthiyaṃ kosalamandire jino, pahūtapañño varabhūrimedhaso;

So sakyaputto vidhuro anāsavo, muddhādhipātassa vidū narāsabho’’.

1003.

Tato āmantayī sisse, brāhmaṇe mantapārage;

‘‘Etha māṇavā akkhissaṃ, suṇātha vacanaṃ mama.

1004.

‘‘Yasseso dullabho loke, pātubhāvo abhiṇhaso;

Svājja lokamhi uppanno, sambuddho iti vissuto;

Khippaṃ gantvāna sāvatthiṃ, passavho dvipaduttamaṃ’’.

1005.

‘‘Kathaṃ carahi jānemu, disvā buddhoti brāhmaṇa;

Ajānataṃ no pabrūhi, yathā jānemu taṃ mayaṃ’’.

1006.

‘‘Āgatāni hi mantesu, mahāpurisalakkhaṇā;

Dvattiṃsāni ca [dvittiṃsā ca (sī. syā. pī.), dvittiṃsa tāni (?)] byākkhātā, samattā anupubbaso.

1007.

‘‘Yassete honti gattesu, mahāpurisalakkhaṇā;

Dveyeva tassa gatiyo, tatiyā hi na vijjati.

1008.

‘‘Sace agāraṃ āvasati [ajjhāvasati (ka.)], vijeyya pathaviṃ imaṃ;

Adaṇḍena asatthena, dhammenamanusāsati.

1009.

‘‘Sace ca so pabbajati, agārā anagāriyaṃ;

Vivaṭṭacchado [vivattachaddo (sī.)] sambuddho, arahā bhavati anuttaro.

1010.

‘‘Jātiṃ gottañca lakkhaṇaṃ, mante sisse punāpare;

Muddhaṃ muddhādhipātañca, manasāyeva pucchatha.

1011.

‘‘Anāvaraṇadassāvī, yadi buddho bhavissati;

Manasā pucchite pañhe, vācāya vissajessati’’.

1012.

Bāvarissa vaco sutvā, sissā soḷasa brāhmaṇā;

Ajito tissametteyyo, puṇṇako atha mettagū.

1013.

Dhotako upasīvo ca, nando ca atha hemako;

Todeyyakappā dubhayo, jatukaṇṇī ca paṇḍito.

1014.

Bhadrāvudho udayo ca, posālo cāpi brāhmaṇo;

Mogharājā ca medhāvī, piṅgiyo ca mahāisi.

1015.

Paccekagaṇino sabbe, sabbalokassa vissutā;

Jhāyī jhānaratā dhīrā, pubbavāsanavāsitā.

1016.

Bāvariṃ abhivādetvā, katvā ca naṃ padakkhiṇaṃ;

Jaṭājinadharā sabbe, pakkāmuṃ uttarāmukhā.

1017.

Aḷakassa patiṭṭhānaṃ, purimāhissatiṃ [purimaṃ māhissatiṃ (sī. pī.), puraṃ māhissatiṃ (syā.)] tadā;

Ujjeniñcāpi gonaddhaṃ, vedisaṃ vanasavhayaṃ.

1018.

Kosambiñcāpi sāketaṃ, sāvatthiñca puruttamaṃ;

Setabyaṃ kapilavatthuṃ, kusinārañca mandiraṃ.

1019.

Pāvañca bhoganagaraṃ, vesāliṃ māgadhaṃ puraṃ;

Pāsāṇakaṃ cetiyañca, ramaṇīyaṃ manoramaṃ.

1020.

Tasitovudakaṃ sītaṃ, mahālābhaṃva vāṇijo;

Chāyaṃ dhammābhitattova, turitā pabbatamāruhuṃ.

1021.

Bhagavā tamhi samaye, bhikkhusaṅghapurakkhato;

Bhikkhūnaṃ dhammaṃ deseti, sīhova nadatī vane.

1022.

Ajito addasa buddhaṃ, sataraṃsiṃ [vītaraṃsiṃva (syā.), sataraṃsīva (ka.), pītaraṃsīva (niddesa)] va bhāṇumaṃ;

Candaṃ yathā pannarase, pāripūriṃ upāgataṃ.

1023.

Athassa gatte disvāna, paripūrañca byañjanaṃ;

Ekamantaṃ ṭhito haṭṭho, manopañhe apucchatha.

1024.

‘‘Ādissa jammanaṃ [jappanaṃ (ka.)] brūhi, gottaṃ brūhi salakkhaṇaṃ [brūhissa lakkhaṇaṃ (niddesa)];

Mantesu pāramiṃ brūhi, kati vāceti brāhmaṇo’’.

1025.

‘‘Vīsaṃ vassasataṃ āyu, so ca gottena bāvarī;

Tīṇissa lakkhaṇā gatte, tiṇṇaṃ vedāna pāragū.

1026.

‘‘Lakkhaṇe itihāse ca, sanighaṇḍusakeṭubhe;

Pañcasatāni vāceti, sadhamme pāramiṃ gato’’.

1027.

‘‘Lakkhaṇānaṃ pavicayaṃ, bāvarissa naruttama;

Kaṅkhacchida [taṇhacchida (bahūsu)] pakāsehi, mā no kaṅkhāyitaṃ ahu’’.

1028.

‘‘Mukhaṃ jivhāya chādeti, uṇṇassa bhamukantare;

Kosohitaṃ vatthaguyhaṃ, evaṃ jānāhi māṇava’’.

1029.

Pucchañhi kiñci asuṇanto, sutvā pañhe viyākate;

Vicinteti jano sabbo, vedajāto katañjalī.

1030.

‘‘Ko nu devo vā brahmā vā, indo vāpi sujampati;

Manasā pucchite pañhe, kametaṃ paṭibhāsati.

1031.

‘‘Muddhaṃ muddhādhipātañca, bāvarī paripucchati;

Taṃ byākarohi bhagavā, kaṅkhaṃ vinaya no ise’’.

1032.

‘‘Avijjā muddhāti jānāhi, vijjā muddhādhipātinī;

Saddhāsatisamādhīhi, chandavīriyena saṃyutā’’.

1033.

Tato vedena mahatā, santhambhitvāna māṇavo;

Ekaṃsaṃ ajinaṃ katvā, pādesu sirasā pati.

1034.

‘‘Bāvarī brāhmaṇo bhoto, saha sissehi mārisa;

Udaggacitto sumano, pāde vandati cakkhuma’’.

1035.

‘‘Sukhito bāvarī hotu, saha sissehi brāhmaṇo;

Tvañcāpi sukhito hohi, ciraṃ jīvāhi māṇava.

1036.

‘‘Bāvarissa ca tuyhaṃ vā, sabbesaṃ sabbasaṃsayaṃ;

Katāvakāsā pucchavho, yaṃ kiñci manasicchatha’’.

1037.

Sambuddhena katokāso, nisīditvāna pañjalī;

Ajito paṭhamaṃ pañhaṃ, tattha pucchi tathāgataṃ.

Vatthugāthā niṭṭhitā.

1. Ajitamāṇavapucchā

1. Ajita-manava-puccha: Ajita's Questions

1038.

‘‘Kenassu nivuto loko, (iccāyasmā ajito)

[Ajita:] With what is the world shrouded?

Kenassu nappakāsati;

Because of what doesn't it shine?

Kissābhilepanaṃ brūsi, kiṃsu tassa mahabbhayaṃ’’.

With what is it smeared? Tell me. What is its great danger & fear?

1039.

‘‘Avijjāya nivuto loko, (ajitāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] With ignorance the world is shrouded.

Vevicchā pamādā nappakāsati;

Because of stinginess, heedlessness, it doesn't shine.

Jappābhilepanaṃ brūmi, dukkhamassa mahabbhayaṃ’’.

With longing it's smeared — I tell you. Suffering-stress: its great danger & fear.

1040.

‘‘Savanti sabbadhi sotā, (iccāyasmā ajito)

[Ajita:] They flow every which way, the streams.

Sotānaṃ kiṃ nivāraṇaṃ;

What is their blocking,

Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūhi, kena sotā pidhiyyare’’ [pithiyyare (sī. syā. pī.), pithīyare (sī. aṭṭha.), pidhīyare (?)].

what their restraint — tell me — with what are they finally stopped?

1041.

‘‘Yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ, (ajitāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Whatever streams there are in the world:

Sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ;

their blocking is mindfulness, mindfulness

Sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi, paññāyete pidhiyyare’’.

is their restraint — I tell you — with discernment they're finally stopped.

1042.

‘‘Paññā ceva sati yañca [satī ceva (sī.), satī ca (syā.), satī cāpi (pī. niddesa), sati cāpi (niddesa)], (iccāyasmā ajito)

[Ajita:] Discernment & mindfulness,

Nāmarūpañca mārisa;

name & form, dear sir:

Etaṃ me puṭṭho pabrūhi, katthetaṃ uparujjhati’’.

Tell me, when asked this, where are they brought to a halt?

1043.

‘‘Yametaṃ pañhaṃ apucchi, ajita taṃ vadāmi te;

[The Buddha:] This question you've asked, Ajita, I'll answer it for you —

Yattha nāmañca rūpañca, asesaṃ uparujjhati;

where name & form are brought to a halt without trace:

Viññāṇassa nirodhena, etthetaṃ uparujjhati’’.

With the cessation of consciousness they're brought to a halt.

1044.

‘‘Ye ca saṅkhātadhammāse, ye ca sekhā puthū idha;

[Ajita:] Those here who have fathomed the Dhamma, those who are learners, those who are run-of-the-mill:

Tesaṃ me nipako iriyaṃ, puṭṭho pabrūhi mārisa’’.

When you, dear sir, astute, are asked this, tell me their manner of life.

1045.

‘‘Kāmesu nābhigijjheyya, manasānāvilo siyā;

[The Buddha:] He should not hanker for sensual pleasures, should be limpid in mind.

Kusalo sabbadhammānaṃ, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.

Skilled in all mental qualities, he, the monk, should live his life mindfully.

Ajitamāṇavapucchā paṭhamā niṭṭhitā.

Ajitamāṇavapucchā paṭhamā niṭṭhitā. ^[2]

2. Tissametteyyamāṇavapucchā

2. Tissa-metteyya-manava-puccha: Tissa-metteyya's Questions

1046.

‘‘Kodha santusito loke, (iccāyasmā tissametteyyo)

[Tissa-metteyya:] Who here in the world is contented?

Kassa no santi iñjitā;

Who has no agitations?

Ko ubhantamabhiññāya, majjhe mantā na lippati [limpati (ka.)];

What thinker knowing both sides, doesn't adhere in between?

Kaṃ brūsi mahāpurisoti, ko idha sibbinimaccagā’’.

Whom do you call a great person? Who here has gone past the seamstress: craving.

1047.

‘‘Kāmesu brahmacariyavā, (metteyyāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] He who in the midst of sensualities, follows the holy life,

Vītataṇho sadā sato;

always mindful, craving-free;

Saṅkhāya nibbuto bhikkhu, tassa no santi iñjitā.

the monk who is — through fathoming things — Unbound: he has no agitations.

1048.

‘‘So ubhantamabhiññāya, majjhe mantā na lippati;

He, the thinker knowing both sides, doesn't adhere in between.

Taṃ brūmi mahāpurisoti, so idha sibbinimaccagā’’ti.

He I call a great person. He here has gone past the seamstress: craving.

Tissametteyyamāṇavapucchā dutiyā niṭṭhitā.

Tissametteyyamāṇavapucchā dutiyā niṭṭhitā. ^[3]

3. Puṇṇakamāṇavapucchā

3. Punnaka-manava-puccha: Punnaka's Questions

1049.

‘‘Anejaṃ mūladassāviṃ, (iccāyasmā puṇṇako)

[Punnaka:] To the one unperturbed, who has seen the root [of all things],

Atthi [atthī (syā.)] pañhena āgamaṃ;

I have come with a question.

Kiṃ nissitā isayo manujā, khattiyā brāhmaṇā devatānaṃ;

Because of what have many human seers — noble warriors, brahmans —

Yaññamakappayiṃsu puthūdha loke, pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ’’.

offered sacrifices to devas here in the world? I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

1050.

‘‘Ye kecime isayo manujā, (puṇṇakāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Those many human seers

Khattiyā brāhmaṇā devatānaṃ;

— noble warriors, brahmans —

Yaññamakappayiṃsu puthūdha loke, āsīsamānā puṇṇaka itthattaṃ [itthabhāvaṃ (sī. syā.)];

who have offered sacrifices to devas here in the world, Punnaka, hoping for more of this state of being,

Jaraṃ sitā yaññamakappayiṃsu’’.

offered their sacrifices because of aging.

1051.

‘‘Ye kecime isayo manujā, (iccāyasmā puṇṇako)

[Punnaka:] Those many human seers

Khattiyā brāhmaṇā devatānaṃ;

— noble warriors, brahmans —

Yaññamakappayiṃsu puthūdha loke, kaccissu te bhagavā yaññapathe appamattā;

who have offered sacrifices to devas here in the world: Have they, O Blessed One, heeding the path of sacrifice,

Atāruṃ jātiñca jarañca mārisa, pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ’’.

crossed over birth & aging? I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

1052.

‘‘Āsīsanti thomayanti, abhijappanti juhanti; (Puṇṇakāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] They hoped for, liked, longed for, so sacrificed —

Kāmābhijappanti paṭicca lābhaṃ, te yājayogā bhavarāgarattā;

they longed for sensuality, dependent on gain. I tell you: those who take on the yoke of sacrifice, impassioned with the passion for becoming,

Nātariṃsu jātijaranti brūmi’’.

have not crossed over birth & aging.

1053.

‘‘Te ce nātariṃsu yājayogā, (iccāyasmā puṇṇako)

[Punnaka:] If those who take on the yoke of sacrifice

Yaññehi jātiñca jarañca mārisa;

haven't crossed over the flood, dear sir,

Atha ko carahi devamanussaloke, atāri jātiñca jarañca mārisa;

then who in the world of beings divine & human has crossed over birth & aging?

Pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ’’.

I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

1054.

‘‘Saṅkhāya lokasmi paroparāni [parovarāni (sī. syā.)], (puṇṇakāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] He who has fathomed the far & near in the world,

Yassiñjitaṃ natthi kuhiñci loke;

for whom there is nothing perturbing in the world —

Santo vidhūmo anīgho nirāso, atāri so jātijaranti brūmī’’ti.

his vices evaporated, undesiring, untroubled, at peace — he, I tell you, has crossed over birth & aging.

Puṇṇakamāṇavapucchā tatiyā niṭṭhitā.

Puṇṇakamāṇavapucchā tatiyā niṭṭhitā. ^[4]

4. Mettagūmāṇavapucchā

4. Mettagu-manava-puccha: Mettagu's Questions

1055.

‘‘Pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ, (iccāyasmā mettagū)

[Mettagu:] I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

Maññāmi taṃ vedaguṃ bhāvitattaṃ;

I regard you as knowledgeable, with your self developed.

Kuto nu dukkhā samudāgatā ime, ye keci lokasmimanekarūpā’’.

From what have the many forms of stress & suffering arisen in the world?

1056.

‘‘Dukkhassa ve maṃ pabhavaṃ apucchasi, (mettagūti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] If you ask me the coming-into-being of stress & suffering,

Taṃ te pavakkhāmi yathā pajānaṃ;

I will tell it to you as one who discerns.

Upadhinidānā pabhavanti dukkhā, ye keci lokasmimanekarūpā.

From acquisition ^[5] as cause the many forms of stress & suffering come into being in the world.

1057.

‘‘Yo ve avidvā upadhiṃ karoti, punappunaṃ dukkhamupeti mando;

Whoever, unknowing, makes acquisitions — the fool — comes to stress & suffering again & again.

Tasmā pajānaṃ upadhiṃ na kayirā, dukkhassa jātippabhavānupassī’’.

So one who's discerning, focused on the birth of stress & suffering, their coming-into-being, should make no acquisitions.

1058.

‘‘Yaṃ taṃ apucchimha akittayī no, aññaṃ taṃ pucchāma [pucchāmi (sī. pī.)] tadiṅgha brūhi;

[Mettagu:] What we asked, you've expounded. Now we ask something else. Please tell us.

Kathaṃ nu dhīrā vitaranti oghaṃ, jātiṃ jaraṃ sokapariddavañca;

How do the prudent cross over the flood of birth & aging, lamentation & sorrow?

Taṃ me muni sādhu viyākarohi, tathā hi te vidito esa dhammo’’.

Please, sage, declare this to me as this Dhamma has been known by you.

1059.

‘‘Kittayissāmi te dhammaṃ, (mettagūti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] I will teach you the Dhamma

Diṭṭhe dhamme anītihaṃ;

— in the here & now, not quoted words —

Yaṃ viditvā sato caraṃ, tare loke visattikaṃ’’.

knowing which, living mindfully, you'll cross over beyond entanglement in the world.

1060.

‘‘Tañcāhaṃ abhinandāmi, mahesi dhammamuttamaṃ;

[Mettagu:] And I relish, Great Seer, that Dhamma supreme,

Yaṃ viditvā sato caraṃ, tare loke visattikaṃ’’.

knowing which, living mindfully, I'll cross over beyond entanglement in the world.

1061.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci sampajānāsi, (mettagūti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Whatever you're alert to,

Uddhaṃ adho tiriyañcāpi majjhe;

above, below, across, in between:^[6]

Etesu nandiñca nivesanañca, panujja viññāṇaṃ bhave na tiṭṭhe.

dispelling any delight, any laying claim to those things, consciousness should not take a stance in becoming.

1062.

‘‘Evaṃvihārī sato appamatto, bhikkhu caraṃ hitvā mamāyitāni;

The monk who dwells thus — mindful, heedful — letting go of his sense of mine,

Jātiṃ jaraṃ sokapariddavañca, idheva vidvā pajaheyya dukkhaṃ’’.

knowing right here would abandon birth & aging, lamentation & sorrow, stress & suffering.

1063.

‘‘Etābhinandāmi vaco mahesino, sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkaṃ;

[Mettagu:] I relish, Gotama, the Great Seer's words well-expounded, without acquisition,

Addhā hi bhagavā pahāsi dukkhaṃ, tathā hi te vidito esa dhammo.

for yes, O Blessed One, you've abandoned stress & suffering as this Dhamma has been known by you.

1064.

‘‘Te cāpi nūnappajaheyyu dukkhaṃ, ye tvaṃ muni aṭṭhitaṃ ovadeyya;

And they, too, would abandon stress & suffering those whom you, sage, would admonish unceasingly.

Taṃ taṃ namassāmi samecca nāga, appeva maṃ bhagavā aṭṭhitaṃ ovadeyya’’.

Having met you, I bow down to you, Great One. Perhaps you will admonish me unceasingly.

1065.

‘‘Yaṃ brāhmaṇaṃ vedagumābhijaññā, akiñcanaṃ kāmabhave asattaṃ;

[The Buddha:] Whoever you recognize as a knowledgeable brahman, possessing nothing, unentangled in sensuality & becoming

Addhā hi so oghamimaṃ atāri, tiṇṇo ca pāraṃ akhilo akaṅkho.

yes, he has crossed over the flood. Having crossed to the far shore, he is without harshness or doubt.

1066.

‘‘Vidvā ca yo [so (sī. syā. pī.)] vedagū naro idha, bhavābhave saṅgamimaṃ visajja;

And any one who has realized, who is knowledgeable here, having unentangled the bond to becoming and non-, ^[7]

So vītataṇho anīgho nirāso, atāri so jātijaranti brūmī’’ti.

free of craving, untroubled, undesiring — he, I tell you, has crossed over birth & aging.

Mettagūmāṇavapucchā catutthī niṭṭhitā.

5. Dhotakamāṇavapucchā

5. Dhotaka-manava-puccha: Dhotaka's Questions

1067.

‘‘Pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ, (iccāyasmā dhotako)

[Dhotaka:] I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

Vācābhikaṅkhāmi mahesi tuyhaṃ;

I hope for your words, Great Seer.

Tava sutvāna nigghosaṃ, sikkhe nibbānamattano’’.

Having heard your pronouncement, I'll train for my own Unbinding.

1068.

‘‘Tenahātappaṃ karohi, (dhotakāti bhagavā) idheva nipako sato;

[The Buddha:] In that case, be ardent — astute & mindful right here.

Ito sutvāna nigghosaṃ, sikkhe nibbānamattano’’.

Then, having heard my pronouncement, train for your own Unbinding.

1069.

‘‘Passāmahaṃ devamanussaloke, akiñcanaṃ brāhmaṇamiriyamānaṃ;

[Dhotaka:] I see in the world of beings divine & human, a brahman who lives possessing nothing.

Taṃ taṃ namassāmi samantacakkhu, pamuñca maṃ sakka kathaṃkathāhi’’.

I pay homage to him the All-around Eye. From my doubts, O Sakyan, release me!

1070.

‘‘Nāhaṃ sahissāmi [samissāmi (syā.), gamissāmi (sī.), samīhāmi (pī.)] pamocanāya, kathaṃkathiṃ dhotaka kañci loke;

[The Buddha:] No one in the world, Dhotaka, can I release from doubting.

Dhammañca seṭṭhaṃ abhijānamāno [ājānamāno (sī. syā. pī.)], evaṃ tuvaṃ oghamimaṃ taresi’’.

But knowing the most excellent Dhamma, you will cross over the flood.

1071.

‘‘Anusāsa brahme karuṇāyamāno, vivekadhammaṃ yamahaṃ vijaññaṃ;

[Dhotaka:] Teach with compassion, O brahman, the Dhamma of seclusion so that I may know —

Yathāhaṃ ākāsova abyāpajjamāno, idheva santo asito careyyaṃ’’.

so that I, unafflicted as space, may live right here, independent, at peace.

1072.

‘‘Kittayissāmi te santiṃ, (dhotakāti bhagavā) diṭṭhe dhamme anītihaṃ;

[The Buddha:] I will teach you peace — in the here & now, not quoted words —

Yaṃ viditvā sato caraṃ, tare loke visattikaṃ’’.

knowing which, living mindfully, you'll go beyond entanglement in the world.

1073.

‘‘Tañcāhaṃ abhinandāmi, mahesi santimuttamaṃ;

[Dhotaka:] And I relish, Great Seer, that peace supreme,

Yaṃ viditvā sato caraṃ, tare loke visattikaṃ’’.

knowing which, living mindfully, I'll go beyond entanglement in the world.

1074.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci sampajānāsi, (dhotakāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Whatever you're alert to,

Uddhaṃ adho tiriyañcāpi majjhe;

above, below, across, in between:

Etaṃ viditvā saṅgoti loke, bhavābhavāya mākāsi taṇha’’nti.

knowing it as a bond in the world, don't create craving for becoming or non-.

Dhotakamāṇavapucchā pañcamī niṭṭhitā.

Dhotakamāṇavapucchā pañcamī niṭṭhitā. ^[8]

6. Upasīvamāṇavapucchā

6. Upasiva-manava-puccha: Upasiva's Questions

1075.

‘‘Eko ahaṃ sakka mahantamoghaṃ, (iccāyasmā upasīvo)

[Upasiva:] Alone, Sakyan, & with nothing to rely on,

Anissito no visahāmi tārituṃ;

I can't venture across the great flood.

Ārammaṇaṃ brūhi samantacakkhu, yaṃ nissito oghamimaṃ tareyyaṃ’’.

Tell me, All-around Eye, the support to rely on for crossing over this flood.

1076.

‘‘Ākiñcaññaṃ pekkhamāno satimā, (upasīvāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Mindfully focused on nothingness, ^[9]

Natthīti nissāya tarassu oghaṃ;

relying on 'There isn't,' you should cross over the flood.

Kāme pahāya virato kathāhi, taṇhakkhayaṃ nattamahābhipassa’’ [rattamahābhipassa (syā.), rattamahaṃ vipassa (ka.)].

Abandoning sensual pleasures, abstaining from conversations, keep watch for the ending of craving, night & day.

1077.

‘‘Sabbesu kāmesu yo vītarāgo, (iccāyasmā upasīvo)

[Upasiva:] One free from passion for all sensual pleasures

Ākiñcaññaṃ nissito hitvā maññaṃ;

relying on nothingness, letting go of all else,

Saññāvimokkhe parame vimutto [dhimutto (ka.)], tiṭṭhe nu so tattha anānuyāyī’’ [anānuvāyī (syā. ka.)].

released in the highest emancipation of perception: Does he stay there unaffected?

1078.

‘‘Sabbesu kāmesu yo vītarāgo, (upasīvāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] One free from passion for all sensual pleasures

Ākiñcaññaṃ nissito hitvā maññaṃ;

relying on nothingness, letting go of all else,

Saññāvimokkhe parame vimutto, tiṭṭheyya so tattha anānuyāyī’’.

released in the highest emancipation of perception: He stays there unaffected.

1079.

‘‘Tiṭṭhe ce so tattha anānuyāyī, pūgampi vassānaṃ samantacakkhu;

If he stays there, O All-around Eye, unaffected for many years,

Tattheva so sītisiyā vimutto, cavetha viññāṇaṃ tathāvidhassa’’.

right there would he be cooled & released? Would his consciousness be like that?

1080.

‘‘Accī yathā vātavegena khittā [khittaṃ (syā.), khitto (pī.)], (upasīvāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] As a flame overthrown by the force of the wind

Atthaṃ paleti na upeti saṅkhaṃ;

goes to an end that cannot be classified,^[10]

Evaṃ munī nāmakāyā vimutto, atthaṃ paleti na upeti saṅkhaṃ’’.

so the sage free from naming activity goes to an end that cannot be classified.

1081.

‘‘Atthaṅgato so uda vā so natthi, udāhu ve sassatiyā arogo;

[Upasiva:] He who has reached the end: Does he not exist, or is he for eternity free from dis-ease?

Taṃ me munī sādhu viyākarohi, tathā hi te vidito esa dhammo’’.

Please, sage, declare this to me as this phenomenon has been known by you.

1082.

‘‘Atthaṅgatassa na pamāṇamatthi, (upasīvāti bhagavā)

One who has reached the end has no criterion ^[11]

Yena naṃ vajjuṃ taṃ tassa natthi;

by which anyone would say that — for him it doesn't exist.

Sabbesu dhammesu samohatesu, samūhatā vādapathāpi sabbe’’ti.

When all phenomena are done away with,^[12] all means of speaking are done away with as well.

Upasīvamāṇavapucchā chaṭṭhī niṭṭhitā.

7. Nandamāṇavapucchā

7. Nanda-manava-puccha: Nanda's Questions

1083.

‘‘Santi loke munayo, (iccāyasmā nando)

[Nanda:] There are in the world sages, they say

Janā vadanti tayidaṃ kathaṃsu;

— in what way?

Ñāṇūpapannaṃ no muniṃ [muni no (syā. ka.)] vadanti, udāhu ve jīvitenūpapannaṃ’’.

Do they call one a sage for possessing knowledge or possessing a way of life?

1084.

‘‘Na diṭṭhiyā na sutiyā na ñāṇena, (na sīlabbatena) [( ) natthi sī.-pī potthakesu]

[The Buddha:] Not on account of his views, learning, or knowledge

Munīdha nanda kusalā vadanti;

do the skilled here, Nanda, call one a sage.

Visenikatvā anīghā nirāsā, caranti ye te munayoti brūmi’’.

Those who live disarmed, undesiring, untroubled: those, I say, are called sages.

1085.

‘‘Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, (iccāyasmā nando)

[Nanda:] Whatever brahmans & contemplatives

Diṭṭhassutenāpi [diṭṭhena sutenāpi (sī.), diṭṭhe sutenāpi (syā. pī. ka.)] vadanti suddhiṃ;

describe purity in terms of views & learning,

Sīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ;

describe purity in terms of precepts & practices, describe purity in terms of manifold ways:

Kaccissu te bhagavā tattha yatā carantā, atāru jātiñca jarañca mārisa;

have they, dear sir, living there in that way, crossed over birth & aging?

Pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ’’.

I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

1086.

‘‘Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, (nandāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Whatever brahmans & contemplatives

Diṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;

describe purity in terms of views & learning,

Sīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ;

describe purity in terms of precepts & practices, describe purity in terms of manifold ways:

Kiñcāpi te tattha yatā caranti, nāriṃsu jātijaranti brūmi’’.

none of them, living there in that way, I tell you, have crossed over birth & aging.

1087.

‘‘Ye kecime samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, (iccāyasmā nando)

[Nanda:] Whatever brahmans & contemplatives

Diṭṭhassutenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ;

describe purity in terms of views & learning,

Sīlabbatenāpi vadanti suddhiṃ, anekarūpena vadanti suddhiṃ;

describe purity in terms of precepts & practices, describe purity in terms of manifold ways:

Te ce muni [sace muni (sī.)] brūsi anoghatiṇṇe, atha ko carahi devamanussaloke;

if, sage, as you say, they've not crossed over the flood, then who in the world of beings divine & human

Atāri jātiñca jarañca mārisa, pucchāmi taṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ’’.

has crossed over birth & aging? I ask you, O Blessed One. Please tell me.

1088.

‘‘Nāhaṃ sabbe samaṇabrāhmaṇāse, (nandāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] I don't say that all brahmans & contemplatives

Jātijarāya nivutāti brūmi;

are shrouded in birth & aging.

Ye sīdha diṭṭhaṃva sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ;

Those here who've abandoned what's seen, heard, & sensed, precepts & practices ^[13] — all —

Anekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ, taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse;

who've abandoned their manifold ways — again, all — who, comprehending craving, are effluent-free:

Te ve narā oghatiṇṇāti brūmi’’.

they are the ones, I tell you, who've crossed over the flood.

1089.

‘‘Etābhinandāmi vaco mahesino, sukittitaṃ gotamanūpadhīkaṃ;

[Nanda:] I relish, Gotama, the Great Seer's words well-expounded, without acquisition.

Ye sīdha diṭṭhaṃ va sutaṃ mutaṃ vā, sīlabbataṃ vāpi pahāya sabbaṃ;

Those here who've abandoned what's seen, heard, & sensed, precepts & practices — all —

Anekarūpampi pahāya sabbaṃ, taṇhaṃ pariññāya anāsavāse;

who've abandoned their manifold ways — again, all — who, comprehending craving, are effluent-free:

Ahampi te oghatiṇṇāti brūmī’’ti.

I, too, say they've crossed over the flood.

Nandamāṇavapucchā sattamā niṭṭhitā.

8. Hemakamāṇavapucchā

8. Hemaka-manava-puccha: Hemaka's Question

1090.

‘‘Ye me pubbe viyākaṃsu, (iccāyasmā hemako)

[Hemaka:] In the past,

Huraṃ gotamasāsanā;

before hearing Gotama's teaching,

Iccāsi iti bhavissati, sabbaṃ taṃ itihītihaṃ;

when anyone explained 'It was,' 'It will be,' all that was hearsay, quoted words.

Sabbaṃ taṃ takkavaḍḍhanaṃ, nāhaṃ tattha abhiramiṃ.

All that promoted conjecture and gave me no pleasure.

1091.

‘‘Tvañca me dhammamakkhāhi, taṇhānigghātanaṃ muni;

Now, sage, teach me the Dhamma demolishing craving,

Yaṃ viditvā sato caraṃ, tare loke visattikaṃ’’.

knowing which, living mindfully, one would cross over beyond entanglement in the world.

1092.

‘‘Idha diṭṭhasutamutaviññātesu, piyarūpesu hemaka;

[The Buddha:] Here, Hemaka, with regard to things that are dear — seen, heard, sensed, & cognized —

Chandarāgavinodanaṃ, nibbānapadamaccutaṃ.

there is: the dispelling of passion & desire, the undying state of Unbinding.

1093.

‘‘Etadaññāya ye satā, diṭṭhadhammābhinibbutā;

Those knowing this, mindful, fully unbound in the here & now,

Upasantā ca te sadā, tiṇṇā loke visattika’’nti.

are forever calmed, have crossed over beyond entanglement in the world.

Hemakamāṇavapucchā aṭṭhamā niṭṭhitā.

9. Todeyyamāṇavapucchā

9. Todeyya-manava-puccha: Todeyya's Questions

1094.

‘‘Yasmiṃ kāmā na vasanti, (iccāyasmā todeyyo)

[Todeyya:] One in whom there dwell no sensualities;

Taṇhā yassa na vijjati;

one in whom no craving is found;

Kathaṃkathā ca yo tiṇṇo, vimokkho tassa kīdiso’’.

one who has crossed over perplexity — his emancipation: what is it like?

1095.

‘‘Yasmiṃ kāmā na vasanti, (todeyyāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] One in whom there dwell no sensualities;

Taṇhā yassa na vijjati;

one in whom no craving is found;

Kathaṃkathā ca yo tiṇṇo, vimokkho tassa nāparo’’.

one who has crossed over perplexity — his emancipation is not other than that.

1096.

‘‘Nirāsaso so uda āsasāno, paññāṇavā so uda paññakappī;

[Todeyya:] Is he without desire, or desiring? Discerning or still acquiring discernment?

Muniṃ ahaṃ sakka yathā vijaññaṃ, taṃ me viyācikkha samantacakkhu’’.

Describe the sage to me, Sakyan with the all-around eye, so that I may recognize what he is like.

1097.

‘‘Nirāsaso so na ca āsasāno, paññāṇavā so na ca paññakappī;

[The Buddha:] He's without desire, not desiring; discerning, not still acquiring discernment.

Evampi todeyya muniṃ vijāna, akiñcanaṃ kāmabhave asatta’’nti.

Recognize the sage, Todeyya, as having nothing, unentangled in sensuality & becoming.

Todeyyamāṇavapucchā navamā niṭṭhitā.

10. Kappamāṇavapucchā

10. Kappa-manava-puccha: Kappa's Question

1098.

‘‘Majjhe sarasmiṃ tiṭṭhataṃ, (iccāyasmā kappo)

[Kappa:] For one stranded in the middle of the lake,

Oghe jāte mahabbhaye;

in the flood of great danger — birth —

Jarāmaccuparetānaṃ, dīpaṃ pabrūhi mārisa;

overwhelmed with aging & death: Tell me the island, dear sir,

Tvañca me dīpamakkhāhi, yathāyidaṃ nāparaṃ siyā’’.

and show me the island so that this may not happen again.

1099.

‘‘Majjhe sarasmiṃ tiṭṭhataṃ, (kappāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] For one stranded in the middle of the lake,

Oghe jāte mahabbhaye;

in the flood of great danger — birth —

Jarāmaccuparetānaṃ, dīpaṃ pabrūmi kappa te.

overwhelmed with aging & death, I will tell you the island, Kappa.

1100.

‘‘Akiñcanaṃ anādānaṃ, etaṃ dīpaṃ anāparaṃ;

Having nothing, clinging to no thing: That is the island, there is no other.

Nibbānaṃ iti [nibbānamīti (sī.)] naṃ brūmi, jarāmaccuparikkhayaṃ.

That's Unbinding, I tell you, the total ending of aging & death.

1101.

‘‘Etadaññāya ye satā, diṭṭhadhammābhinibbutā;

Those knowing this, mindful, fully unbound in the here & now,

Na te māravasānugā, na te mārassa paddhagū’’ti [paṭṭhagūti (syā. ka.)].

don't serve as Mara's servants, don't come under Mara's sway.

Kappamāṇavapucchā dasamā niṭṭhitā.

11. Jatukaṇṇimāṇavapucchā

1102.

‘‘Sutvānahaṃ vīramakāmakāmiṃ, (iccāyasmā jatukaṇṇi)

[Jatukannin:] Hearing that there was a hero — desiring no sensuality,

Oghātigaṃ puṭṭhumakāmamāgamaṃ;

having crossed over the flood — I've come with a question:

Santipadaṃ brūhi sahajanetta, yathātacchaṃ bhagavā brūhi me taṃ.

Tell me the state of peace, O One with quick eyes. O Blessed One, tell me as it actually is.

1103.

‘‘Bhagavā hi kāme abhibhuyya iriyati, ādiccova pathaviṃ tejī tejasā;

For the Blessed One lives having surpassed sensuality, as the radiant sun, in its radiance, the earth.

Parittapaññassa me bhūripañña, ācikkha dhammaṃ yamahaṃ vijaññaṃ;

Limited my discernment, O One whose discernment's profound. Teach me to know the Dhamma,

Jātijarāya idha vippahānaṃ’’.

the abandoning here of birth & aging.

1104.

‘‘Kāmesu vinaya gedhaṃ, (jatukaṇṇīti bhagavā) nekkhammaṃ daṭṭhu khemato;

[The Buddha:] Subdue greed for sensual pleasures, & see renunciation as rest.

Uggahītaṃ nirattaṃ vā, mā te vijjittha kiñcanaṃ.

Let there be nothing grasped or rejected by you.

1105.

‘‘Yaṃ pubbe taṃ visosehi, pacchā te māhu kiñcanaṃ;

Burn up what's before, and have nothing for after.

Majjhe ce no gahessasi, upasanto carissasi.

If you don't grasp at what's in between, ^[14] you will go about, calm.

1106.

‘‘Sabbaso nāmarūpasmiṃ, vītagedhassa brāhmaṇa;

One completely devoid of greed for name & form, brahman,

Āsavāssa na vijjanti, yehi maccuvasaṃ vaje’’ti.

has no effluents by which he would go under Mara's sway.

Jatukaṇṇimāṇavapucchā ekādasamā niṭṭhitā.

12. Bhadrāvudhamāṇavapucchā

12. Bhadravudha-manava-puccha: Bhadravudha's Questions

1107.

‘‘Okañjahaṃ taṇhacchidaṃ anejaṃ, (iccāyasmā bhadrāvudho)

[Bhadravudha:] I entreat the one who is very intelligent, released, unperturbed — who has abandoned home, abandoned delight, abandoned resemblances,

Nandiñjahaṃ oghatiṇṇaṃ vimuttaṃ;

cut through craving, crossed over the flood.

Kappañjahaṃ abhiyāce sumedhaṃ, sutvāna nāgassa apanamissanti ito.

Having heard the Great One, they will leave —

1108.

‘‘Nānājanā janapadehi saṅgatā, tava vīra vākyaṃ abhikaṅkhamānā;

the many gathered from many lands, hero, in hope of your words.

Tesaṃ tuvaṃ sādhu viyākarohi, tathā hi te vidito esa dhammo’’.

So tell them, please, how this Dhamma has been known to you.

1109.

‘‘Ādānataṇhaṃ vinayetha sabbaṃ, (bhadrāvudhāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Subdue craving & clinging — all —

Uddhaṃ adho tiriyañcāpi majjhe;

above, below, across, in between. ^[15]

Yaṃ yañhi lokasmimupādiyanti, teneva māro anveti jantuṃ.

For whatever people cling to in the world, it's through that that Mara pursues them.

1110.

‘‘Tasmā pajānaṃ na upādiyetha, bhikkhu sato kiñcanaṃ sabbaloke;

So a monk, mindful, seeing these people clinging to entanglement

Ādānasatte iti pekkhamāno, pajaṃ imaṃ maccudheyye visatta’’nti.

as entangled in Death's realm, should cling to nothing in all the world, every world.

Bhadrāvudhamāṇavapucchā dvādasamā niṭṭhitā.

13. Udayamāṇavapucchā

13. Udaya-manava-puccha: Udaya's Questions

1111.

‘‘Jhāyiṃ virajamāsīnaṃ, (iccāyasmā udayo) katakiccaṃ anāsavaṃ;

[Udaya:] To the one in jhana seated dustless, passionless, his task done, effluent-free,

Pāraguṃ sabbadhammānaṃ, atthi pañhena āgamaṃ;

gone to the beyond of all phenomena, I've come with a question.

Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūhi, avijjāya pabhedanaṃ’’.

Tell me the gnosis of emancipation, the breaking open of ignorance.

1112.

‘‘Pahānaṃ kāmacchandānaṃ, (udayāti bhagavā) domanassāna cūbhayaṃ;

[The Buddha:] The abandoning both of sensual desires, & of unhappiness,

Thinassa ca panūdanaṃ, kukkuccānaṃ nivāraṇaṃ.

the dispelling of sloth, the warding off of anxieties,

1113.

‘‘Upekkhāsatisaṃsuddhaṃ, dhammatakkapurejavaṃ;

equanimity-&-mindfulness purified, with inspection of mental qualities swift in the forefront:

Aññāvimokkhaṃ pabrūmi, avijjāya pabhedanaṃ’’.

That I call the gnosis of emancipation, ^[16] the breaking open of ignorance. ^[17]

1114.

‘‘Kiṃsu saṃyojano loko, kiṃsu tassa vicāraṇaṃ;

[Udaya:] With what is the world fettered? With what is it examined?

Kissassa vippahānena, nibbānaṃ iti vuccati’’.

Through the abandoning of what is there said to be Unbinding?

1115.

‘‘Nandisaṃyojano loko, vitakkassa vicāraṇaṃ;

[The Buddha:] With delight the world's fettered. With directed thought it's examined.

Taṇhāya vippahānena, nibbānaṃ iti vuccati’’.

Through the abandoning of craving is there said to be Unbinding.

1116.

‘‘Kathaṃ satassa carato, viññāṇaṃ uparujjhati;

[Udaya:] Living mindful in what way does one bring consciousness to a halt?

Bhagavantaṃ puṭṭhumāgamma, taṃ suṇoma vaco tava’’.

We've come questioning to the Blessed One. Let us hear your words.

1117.

‘‘Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, vedanaṃ nābhinandato;

[The Buddha:] Not relishing feeling, inside or out:

Evaṃ satassa carato, viññāṇaṃ uparujjhatī’’ti.

One living mindful in this way brings consciousness to a halt. ^[18]

Udayamāṇavapucchā terasamā niṭṭhitā.

14. Posālamāṇavapucchā

14. Posala-manava-puccha: Posala's Questions

1118.

‘‘Yo atītaṃ ādisati, (iccāyasmā posālo) anejo chinnasaṃsayo;

[Posala:] To one who reveals the past — unperturbed, his doubts cut through —

Pāraguṃ sabbadhammānaṃ, atthi pañhena āgamaṃ.

who has gone to the beyond of all phenomena, I've come with a question.

1119.

‘‘Vibhūtarūpasaññissa , sabbakāyappahāyino;

I ask the Sakyan about the knowledge ^[19] of one devoid of perception of forms, who has abandoned all the body, every body,

Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, natthi kiñcīti passato;

who sees, within & without, 'There is nothing':

Ñāṇaṃ sakkānupucchāmi, kathaṃ neyyo tathāvidho’’.

How is he to be led further on?

1120.

‘‘Viññāṇaṭṭhitiyo sabbā, (posālāti bhagavā) abhijānaṃ tathāgato;

[The Buddha:] The Tathagata, knowing directly all stations of consciousness, ^[20]

Tiṭṭhantamenaṃ jānāti, vimuttaṃ tapparāyaṇaṃ.

knows for one stationed in them release & the steps leading there.

1121.

‘‘Ākiñcaññasambhavaṃ ñatvā, nandī saṃyojanaṃ iti;

Knowing directly the origin of nothingness to be the fetter of delight,

Evametaṃ abhiññāya, tato tattha vipassati;

one then sees there clearly.

Etaṃ [evaṃ (syā. ka.)] ñāṇaṃ tathaṃ tassa, brāhmaṇassa vusīmato’’ti.

That's his genuine knowledge — the brahman who has lived to fulfillment.

Posālamāṇavapucchā cuddasamā niṭṭhitā.

15. Mogharājamāṇavapucchā

15. Mogharaja-manava-puccha: Mogharaja's Question

1122.

‘‘Dvāhaṃ sakkaṃ apucchissaṃ, (iccāyasmā mogharājā)

[Mogharaja:] Twice now, O Sakyan, I've asked you,

Na me byākāsi cakkhumā;

but you, One with vision, haven't answered me.

Yāvatatiyañca devīsi, byākarotīti me sutaṃ.

When asked the third time the celestial seer answers: so I have heard.

1123.

‘‘Ayaṃ loko paro loko, brahmaloko sadevako;

This world, the next world, the Brahma world with its devas:

Diṭṭhiṃ te nābhijānāti, gotamassa yasassino.

I don't know how they're viewed by the glorious Gotama.

1124.

‘‘Evaṃ abhikkantadassāviṃ, atthi pañhena āgamaṃ;

So to the one who has seen to the far extreme, I've come with a question:

Kathaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ, maccurājā na passati’’.

How does one view the world so as not to be seen by Death's king?

1125.

‘‘Suññato lokaṃ avekkhassu, mogharāja sadā sato;

[The Buddha:] View the world, Mogharaja, as empty — always mindful

Attānudiṭṭhiṃ ūhacca, evaṃ maccutaro siyā;

to have removed any view about self. This way one is above & beyond death.

Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ, maccurājā na passatī’’ti.

This is how one views the world so as not to be seen by Death's king.

Mogharājamāṇavapucchā pannarasamā niṭṭhitā.

Mogharājamāṇavapucchā pannarasamā niṭṭhitā. ^[21]

16. Piṅgiyamāṇavapucchā

16. Pingiya-manava-puccha: Pingiya's Question

1126.

‘‘Jiṇṇohamasmi abalo vītavaṇṇo, (iccāyasmā piṅgiyo)

[Pingiya:] I'm old & weak, my complexion dull.

Nettā na suddhā savanaṃ na phāsu;

I've blurry eyes and trouble hearing,

Māhaṃ nassaṃ momuho antarāva

but may I not perish deluded, confused!

Ācikkha dhammaṃ yamahaṃ vijaññaṃ;

Teach me the Dhamma so that I may know

Jātijarāya idha vippahānaṃ’’.

the abandoning here of birth & aging.

1127.

‘‘Disvāna rūpesu vihaññamāne, (piṅgiyāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Seeing people suffering on account of their bodies —

Ruppanti rūpesu janā pamattā;

heedless people are oppressed on account of their bodies —

Tasmā tuvaṃ piṅgiya appamatto,

then heedful, Pingiya,

Jahassu rūpaṃ apunabbhavāya’’.

let go of the body for the sake of no further becoming.

1128.

‘‘Disā catasso vidisā catasso, uddhaṃ adho dasa disā imāyo;

[Pingiya:] In the four cardinal directions, the four intermediate, above & below — the ten directions —

Na tuyhaṃ adiṭṭhaṃ asutaṃ amutaṃ [asutaṃ amutaṃ vā (sī.), asutāmutaṃ vā (syā.), asutaṃ’mutaṃ vā (pī.)], atho aviññātaṃ kiñcanamatthi [kiñci matthi (syā.), kiñci natthi (pī.), kiñcinamatthi (ka.)] loke;

there is nothing in the world unseen, unheard, unsensed, uncognized by you.

Ācikkha dhammaṃ yamahaṃ vijaññaṃ, jātijarāya idha vippahānaṃ’’.

Teach me the Dhamma so that I may know the abandoning here of birth & aging.

1129.

‘‘Taṇhādhipanne manuje pekkhamāno, (piṅgiyāti bhagavā)

[The Buddha:] Seeing people, victims of craving —

Santāpajāte jarasā parete;

aflame, overwhelmed with aging —

Tasmā tuvaṃ piṅgiya appamatto, jahassu taṇhaṃ apunabbhavāyā’’ti.

then heedful, Pingiya, let go of craving for the sake of no further becoming.

Piṅgiyamāṇavapucchā soḷasamā niṭṭhitā.

Pārāyanatthutigāthā

Idamavoca bhagavā magadhesu viharanto pāsāṇake cetiye, paricārakasoḷasānaṃ [paricārakasoḷasannaṃ (syā. ka.)] brāhmaṇānaṃ ajjhiṭṭho puṭṭho puṭṭho pañhaṃ [pañhe (sī. pī.)] byākāsi. Ekamekassa cepi pañhassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammaṃ paṭipajjeyya, gaccheyyeva jarāmaraṇassa pāraṃ. Pāraṅgamanīyā ime dhammāti, tasmā imassa dhammapariyāyassa pārāyananteva [pārāyaṇaṃtveva (sī. aṭṭha.)] adhivacanaṃ.

1130.

Ajito tissametteyyo, puṇṇako atha mettagū;

Dhotako upasīvo ca, nando ca atha hemako.

1131.

Todeyya-kappā dubhayo, jatukaṇṇī ca paṇḍito;

Bhadrāvudho udayo ca, posālo cāpi brāhmaṇo;

Mogharājā ca medhāvī, piṅgiyo ca mahāisi.

1132.

Ete buddhaṃ upāgacchuṃ, sampannacaraṇaṃ isiṃ;

Pucchantā nipuṇe pañhe, buddhaseṭṭhaṃ upāgamuṃ.

1133.

Tesaṃ buddho pabyākāsi, pañhe puṭṭho yathātathaṃ;

Pañhānaṃ veyyākaraṇena, tosesi brāhmaṇe muni.

1134.

Te tositā cakkhumatā, buddhenādiccabandhunā;

Brahmacariyamacariṃsu, varapaññassa santike.

1135.

Ekamekassa pañhassa, yathā buddhena desitaṃ;

Tathā yo paṭipajjeyya, gacche pāraṃ apārato.

1136.

Apārā pāraṃ gaccheyya, bhāvento maggamuttamaṃ;

Maggo so pāraṃ gamanāya, tasmā pārāyanaṃ iti.

Pārāyanānugītigāthā

1137.

‘‘Pārāyanamanugāyissaṃ, (iccāyasmā piṅgiyo)

Yathāddakkhi tathākkhāsi, vimalo bhūrimedhaso;

Nikkāmo nibbano [nibbuto (syā.)] nāgo, kissa hetu musā bhaṇe.

1138.

‘‘Pahīnamalamohassa , mānamakkhappahāyino;

Handāhaṃ kittayissāmi, giraṃ vaṇṇūpasañhitaṃ.

1139.

‘‘Tamonudo buddho samantacakkhu, lokantagū sabbabhavātivatto;

Anāsavo sabbadukkhapahīno, saccavhayo brahme upāsito me.

1140.

‘‘Dijo yathā kubbanakaṃ pahāya, bahupphalaṃ kānanamāvaseyya;

Evaṃ pahaṃ appadasse pahāya, mahodadhiṃ haṃsoriva ajjhapatto.

1141.

‘‘Yeme pubbe viyākaṃsu, huraṃ gotamasāsanā;

Iccāsi iti bhavissati;

Sabbaṃ taṃ itihitihaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ takkavaḍḍhanaṃ.

1142.

‘‘Eko tamanudāsino, jutimā so pabhaṅkaro;

Gotamo bhūripaññāṇo, gotamo bhūrimedhaso.

1143.

‘‘Yo me dhammamadesesi, sandiṭṭhikamakālikaṃ;

Taṇhakkhayamanītikaṃ , yassa natthi upamā kvaci’’.

1144.

‘‘Kiṃnu tamhā vippavasasi, muhuttamapi piṅgiya;

Gotamā bhūripaññāṇā, gotamā bhūrimedhasā.

1145.

‘‘Yo te dhammamadesesi, sandiṭṭhikamakālikaṃ;

Taṇhakkhayamanītikaṃ, yassa natthi upamā kvaci’’.

1146.

‘‘Nāhaṃ tamhā vippavasāmi, muhuttamapi brāhmaṇa;

Gotamā bhūripaññāṇā, gotamā bhūrimedhasā.

1147.

‘‘Yo me dhammamadesesi, sandiṭṭhikamakālikaṃ;

Taṇhakkhayamanītikaṃ, yassa natthi upamā kvaci.

1148.

‘‘Passāmi naṃ manasā cakkhunāva, rattindivaṃ brāhmaṇa appamatto;

Namassamāno vivasemi rattiṃ, teneva maññāmi avippavāsaṃ.

1149.

‘‘Saddhā ca pīti ca mano sati ca, nāpenti me gotamasāsanamhā;

Yaṃ yaṃ disaṃ vajati bhūripañño, sa tena teneva natohamasmi.

1150.

‘‘Jiṇṇassa me dubbalathāmakassa, teneva kāyo na paleti tattha;

Saṃkappayantāya [saṃkappayattāya (sī.)] vajāmi niccaṃ, mano hi me brāhmaṇa tena yutto.

1151.

‘‘Paṅke sayāno pariphandamāno, dīpā dīpaṃ upaplaviṃ [upallaviṃ (syā. niddesa)];

Athaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ, oghatiṇṇamanāsavaṃ’’.

1152.

‘‘Yathā ahū vakkali muttasaddho, bhadrāvudho āḷavi gotamo ca;

Evameva tvampi pamuñcassu saddhaṃ,

Gamissasi tvaṃ piṅgiya maccudheyyassa pāraṃ’’ [maccudheyyapāraṃ (sī.)].

1153.

‘‘Esa bhiyyo pasīdāmi, sutvāna munino vaco;

Vivaṭṭacchado sambuddho, akhilo paṭibhānavā.

1154.

‘‘Adhideve abhiññāya, sabbaṃ vedi varovaraṃ [paro varaṃ (sī. syā.), paro paraṃ (niddesa)];

Pañhānantakaro satthā, kaṅkhīnaṃ paṭijānataṃ.

1155.

‘‘Asaṃhīraṃ asaṅkuppaṃ, yassa natthi upamā kvaci;

Addhā gamissāmi na mettha kaṅkhā, evaṃ maṃ dhārehi adhimuttacitta’’nti.

Pārāyanavaggo pañcamo niṭṭhito.

Suttuddānaṃ –

1.

Urago [imā uddānagāthāyo sī. pī. potthakesu na santi] dhaniyopi ca, khaggavisāṇo kasi ca;

Cundo bhavo punadeva, vasalo ca karaṇīyañca;

Hemavato atha yakkho, vijayasuttaṃ munisuttavaranti.

2.

Paṭhamakaṭṭhavaro varavaggo, dvādasasuttadharo suvibhatto;

Desito cakkhumatā vimalena, suyyati vaggavaro uragoti.

3.

Ratanāmagandho hirimaṅgalanāmo, sucilomakapilo ca brāhmaṇadhammo;

Nāvā [nātha (ka.)] kiṃsīlauṭṭhahano ca, rāhulo ca punapi vaṅgīso.

4.

Sammāparibbājanīyopi cettha, dhammikasuttavaro suvibhatto;

Cuddasasuttadharo dutiyamhi, cūḷakavaggavaroti tamāhu.

5.

Pabbajjapadhānasubhāsitanāmo, pūraḷāso punadeva māgho ca;

Sabhiyaṃ keṇiyameva sallanāmo, vāseṭṭhavaro kālikopi ca.

6.

Nālakasuttavaro suvibhatto, taṃ anupassī tathā punadeva;

Dvādasasuttadharo tatiyamhi, suyyati vaggavaro mahānāmo.

7.

Kāmaguhaṭṭhakaduṭṭhakanāmā , suddhavaro paramaṭṭhakanāmo;

Jarā mettiyavaro suvibhatto, pasūramāgaṇḍiyā purābhedo.

8.

Kalahavivādo ubho viyuhā ca, tuvaṭakaattadaṇḍasāriputtā;

Soḷasasuttadharo catutthamhi, aṭṭhakavaggavaroti tamāhu.

9.

Magadhe janapade ramaṇīye, desavare katapuññanivese;

Pāsāṇakacetiyavare suvibhatte, vasi bhagavā gaṇaseṭṭho.

10.

Ubhayavāsamāgatiyamhi [ubhayaṃ vā puṇṇasamāgataṃ yamhi (syā.)], dvādasayojaniyā parisāya;

Soḷasabrāhmaṇānaṃ kira puṭṭho, pucchāya soḷasapañhakammiyā;

Nippakāsayi dhammamadāsi.

11.

Atthapakāsakabyañjanapuṇṇaṃ, dhammamadesesi parakhemajaniyaṃ [varaṃ khamanīyaṃ (ka.)];

Lokahitāya jino dvipadaggo, suttavaraṃ bahudhammavicitraṃ;

Sabbakilesapamocanahetuṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

12.

Byañjanamatthapadaṃ samayuttaṃ [byañjanamatthapadasamayuttaṃ (syā.)], akkharasaññitaopamagāḷhaṃ;

Lokavicāraṇañāṇapabhaggaṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

13.

Rāgamale amalaṃ vimalaggaṃ, dosamale amalaṃ vimalaggaṃ;

Mohamale amalaṃ vimalaggaṃ, lokavicāraṇañāṇapabhaggaṃ;

Desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

14.

Klesamale amalaṃ vimalaggaṃ, duccaritamale amalaṃ vimalaggaṃ;

Lokavicāraṇañāṇapabhaggaṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

15.

Āsavabandhanayogākilesaṃ, nīvaraṇāni ca tīṇi malāni;

Tassa kilesapamocanahetuṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

16.

Nimmalasabbakilesapanūdaṃ, rāgavirāgamanejamasokaṃ;

Santapaṇītasududdasadhammaṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

17.

Rāgañca dosakamabhañjitasantaṃ [dosañca bhañjitasantaṃ (syā.)], yonicatuggatipañcaviññāṇaṃ;

Taṇhāratacchadanatāṇalatāpamokkhaṃ [taṇhātalaratacchedanatāṇapamokkhaṃ (syā.)], desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

18.

Gambhīraduddasasaṇhanipuṇaṃ, paṇḍitavedaniyaṃ nipuṇatthaṃ;

Lokavicāraṇañāṇapabhaggaṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

19.

Navaṅgakusumamālagīveyyaṃ, indriyajhānavimokkhavibhattaṃ;

Aṭṭhaṅgamaggadharaṃ varayānaṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

20.

Somupamaṃ vimalaṃ parisuddhaṃ, aṇṇavamūpamaratanasucittaṃ;

Pupphasamaṃ ravimūpamatejaṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggo.

21.

Khemasivaṃ sukhasītalasantaṃ, maccutatāṇaparaṃ paramatthaṃ;

Tassa sunibbutadassanahetuṃ, desayi suttavaraṃ dvipadaggoti.

Suttanipātapāḷi niṭṭhitā.